Figure 44e

Pressure records from a patient with rheumatic mitral stenosis. The left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) pressures (simultaneously obtained during cardiac catheterization using catheters in both the left atrium and ventricle) illustrate a diastolic pressure gradient across the mitral valve (which should normally be zero).

WH Gaasch, JP Murgo: Cardiac catherterization and angiography. In: JG Stein (ed): Internal Medicine, 3d ed. Boston, Little, Brown, 1990. (modified)